IN ENGLISH
Book Temperature Rise Limits used in IEC standards
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List of high-power testing laboratories for tests that in 2024 cannot be done in South America as before |
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Internal Arc in Low-voltage switchgear |
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Laboratórios de Testes em Faculdades de Engenharia Elétrica
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Testing Laboratories in Electrical Engineering Faculties
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| Testing simulations SwitchgearDesign - Report 150/2024 The lack of a medium / high-power testing laboratory is pushing the Brazilian Electric Industry back 35 year |
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| A falta de laboratorios de testes está levando a industria eletrica de equipamentos de linhas e subestações 35 anos atrás. Ninguem se mexe para evitar |
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The
Electric Industry can give better examples on saving
materials.The PRIZE and “Environmental Efficiency
Certificate for Electrical Products”
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FREE BOOK “Renewable Energy
+ Environmental Education to try to save the Planet
(About Energy Transition, H2 Green, Hydrogen and ....)”
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TEMPERATURE
RISE LIMITS USED IN IEC STANDARDS: is
there anyone studying if they can be increased to save
materials and other Earth resources?
Here is my suggestion to change the values of silvered
connections from 75K to 85K
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IEC 60947-2: HOW TO DEVELOP a LOW-VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH LOWER POWER DISSIPATION ( for IEC61439-1/2) |
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Low voltage circuit-breaker: lower power dissipation brings + competitivity to the design
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IIEC61439-IEC61439-1: MISSING OVERLOAD TESTS for ROLLING-MILLS & INTERMITENT LOADS?1: MISSING OVERLOAD TESTS for ROLLING-MILLS & INTERMITENT LOADS? |
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OVERLOAD TESTS FOR FUSES IN ROLLING-MILLS" - S. F. Costa, L.P. Rangel, R. G. Bastos -- “ICEFA - International Conference on Fuses and Applications" Nottingham-UK |
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SHORT
CIRCUIT CURRENTS FORCES: solutions
for electric panels / busbars &
MHD propulsion systems
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SUCCESSFUL LPC POWERCENTER SWITCHGEAR DEVELOPMENT – 6300A – 100 kA -690V (by IEC 61439-1&2 plus internal arc test 100kArms + seismic tests) |
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Need a High Power Lab for switchgear R&D ?
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Why IEC 61439-1 (LV) should be rewritten based on IEC 62271-307 (HV) to allow extension of the validity of test reports?
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| Como usar a IEC 62271-307 (MT) para estender a validade de relatórios de ensaios da IEC61439-1 IEC62271-307 English IEC62271-307 Portugues Old Tables for busbars Antigas Tabelas para barramentos Video Video Video Fusiveis na Janela |
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Artigo Fusiveis na Janela |
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Video Fuses in the window |
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Artcle Fuses in the window |
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Resposta
da IEC sobre o número de aplicações em testes de arco
interno de painéis de baixa tensão. (IEC 61641)
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Number
of shots in low voltage switchgear INTERNAL ARC tests.
Read the IEC answer about number of shots
(interpretation of IEC 61641)
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LV CIRCUIT BREAKER
POWER DISSIPATION
:
defines LV switchgear cost. Choosing a brand ... |
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ITable 6 of IEC 61439-1: QUESTION to CERTIFIERS & TESTING LABORATORIES:
-- What temperature rise limits, in bar/breaker connections, to use when
approving or certifying low voltage switchgear?
-- reasonable to issue test reports
without a statement “pass/fail”?
-- New test method (many sources) is more expensive than previous If
previous is not good, retest new panels of old
designs?
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enabling real savings of Planet resources |
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Seismic Tests |
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Aluminum instead of copper |
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Stimulating Innovations and ideas to developers and designers via TRAINING |
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Como estimular a industria eletrica brasileira ? |
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Metal foam patent by Sergio |
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Why are the world's big manufacturers working hard on testing simulations |
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Why are the world's big manufacturers working hard on testing simulations |
REDUCING MATERIALS WASTE IN THE ELECTRIC INDUSTRY by using the power of TESTING SIMULATIONS |
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RETROFITTING of IEC 62271 & IEC61439 products a great business for electric panels assemblers |
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Seeding R&D ideas |
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180+ posts by Sergio Feitoza Costa |
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Fires and explosions in power transformers |
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Suggestions to SC32A for next revision With a world comparison of prices & quality of distribution services) IEC 60282-2 |
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| ENVIRONMENTAL EFFICIENCY CERTIFICATE of electric products . ( kG / MVA ) The draft of a world-wide technical standard TEMPERATURE RISE: A GUIDE to LEARNING to DESIGN MV SWITCHGEAR (IEC62271), LV SWITCHBOARDS (IEC61439) & BUSWAYS |
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Bare Connection 50K to 60K |
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Você ainda usa as antigas tabelas de barras ? |
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Melhor se for prateado |
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Better Silvered than Bare |
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WHY NOT USING OLD TABLES of BUSBARS amperes ??? |
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HV Circuit Breaker Resistance as seen from terminals |
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2022: Creating development, employment & income in developing countries via electric industry (a real case example ). |
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IEC 60282-2 - High-voltage fuses - Part 2: Expulsion Fuses A suggestion to IEC - SC32A considering the extension of the validity of type test reports |
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(Read first ) TEMPERATURE RISE: A GUIDE to LEARNING to DESIGN MV SWITCHGEAR (IEC62271), LV SWITCHBOARDS (IEC61439)& BUSWAYST |
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USE FREE SwitchgearDesign for the Web |
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USO GRATIS SwitchgearDesign para a Web |
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SUGGESTION TO IEC: Service to clarify QUESTIONS ABOUT THE INTERPRETATION OF TESTING REQUIREMENTS |
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The ELECTRIC SHOWER for DOMESTIC USE: An example of WASTE OF RESOURCES by ACCELERATED AGING (with a comment on speech of Bill Gates, to world leaders, at the April’s 2021 “Leaders’ Summit on Climate”) |
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O
CHUVEIRO ELETRICO DE USO DOMÉSTICO
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Environmental Efficiency Certificate |
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Certificado de Eficiencia Ambiental |
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Project: Testing lab + Simulations |
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Projeto: Laboratorio testes + Simulações |
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TESTING LABORATORY + DESIGN of SUBSTATION equipment (looking for partners - investors) |
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LABORATORIO de TESTES e PROJETO de equipamentos de SUBESTAÇÕES (procuro sócios - investidores) |
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SUGGESTIONS for IMPROVEMENTS in some IEC STANDARDS: IEC 62271-200, IEC 61439, IEC 60282 , ..About overpressure measurements in IEC 62271-200, temperature rise limits and internal arc in IEC61439, aging test in IEC 60282 , a new T.R. on testing simulations, standards in more languages & new T.R. on design of (lower cost) LV to HV products. |
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PANELS, SWITCHBOARDS & BUSWAYS DESIGN: copy-paste or improved engineering ? |
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Você sabe a razão do blecaute no Amapá ? |
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Do you know the reason for the Amapá - Brazil blackout ? |
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Low Cost Substations X Lower Cost of Equipment (It is time to stop kidding with Earth's future) |
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SMALL-SIZE HIGH POWER TESTING LABS & LOW-COST SUBSTATIONS (an idea for the new moment of the electric industry) |
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The Future of High Power Testing Laboratories |
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Book “Switchgear, Busways, Isolators - Substations & Lines” (available also in Spanish and Portuguese) |
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IEC 61439: The Mystery of the Temperature Rise Limits(• Was your low voltage switchgear approved in the temperature rise test? • Is this written in the test report or you have a “quality system” weak point? • An alert to low-voltage switchgear buyers ) |
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An aIEC 61439-1: Answer to a NIAZ QUESTION in LinkedIn about TABLE 6 (Limits of temperature rise used in the test).lert to low-voltage switchgear buyers ) |
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Four Ideas about Switchboards and Switchgear(IEC 62271 / 61439: innovations in design, testing and qualification) |
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Small high-power testing lab + Simulations(an idea to boost the electrical industry in developing countries) |
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Accepting Simulations To Replace High Power Tests (An Idea For Developing Countries Without Laboratories) |
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TRIAXIAL high current AIS - GIS: disclosing an idea worldwide use !,In this article I disclose an idea for an alternative design to be used in “air insulated switchgear” (AIS) and “gas insulated switchgear” (GIS). |
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Co-author of the Cigre Brochure 740 (August 2018) - Contemporary Design Of Low Cost Substations In Developing Countries ) |
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IEC 61439 connections: temperature rise of 10K above IEC limit = loss of life 66% |
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How can IEC standards help to reduce the gap between developed and developing countries?) |
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Certification&Qualification of Electric Products Using “testing simulations”to reduce costs. |
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Thermodynamic Models and Three-Dimensional Analysis for Loading Transformer Limits Determination |
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Power Transformers & Reactors: Calculations of Electromechanical Forces & Stresses, Temperature Rise And Overpressures Of Internal Arc: Method and Possibilities of a Software for Developing Countries |
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Temperature Rise Tests in IEC 61439-1: Low-voltage switchgear - Doubts and ideas to IEC) |
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Finding the Optimal Design using Simulations (Aluminum x Copper)(Try to do it with real lab high power tests! |
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Finding the Optimal Switchgear Design: A comparison between aluminum and copper and an idea of new concept. - Co-authors: Sergio Feitoza Costa & Marlon Campos - Also published in Portuguese Jan – 2014 in O SETOR ELÉTRICO “ (page 136) |
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Validation of Magnetic & Electric Fields Mapping & Temperature Rise Tests Simulations (Report 074/2014) |
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Validation of software SwitchgearDesign - Simulation o Tests (Temperature Rise, Short Time Current, Electrodynamic forces, Internal Arc) - Report 071/2014 |
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Typical simulation report for high power tests |
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Guide for The Use of Calculations & Simulation of Laboratory Tests |
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Software DECIDIX for the TECHNICAL ECONOMYCAL ASSESSMENT of ENERGY PROJECTS |
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Inducing & Assessing New Technologies for The Electric Industry of Developing Countries |
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Overpressures --Internal Arc Tests: IEC 62271-200 X Cigrè Brochure 602 X IEC 62271-307 |
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R&D of Electric Products, Creativity & Costs |
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Design Decisions for Switchgear, Panels, Switchboards & Busways ( & patent) |
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Electrical System Studies: Specification of Equipment for New Substations |
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Interruption of short circuits, electrodynamical forces & temperature rise in substations. |
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Simulation of High Power Tests from 2007 to 2017: what changed for manufacturers, users, certification companies and testing laboratories? |
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Magnetic & Electric Fields in substations and neighborhood: mapping, health legislation & EMC |
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Typical simulation report for high power tests |
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Brochure CIGRE 602 / 2014 -Tools For The Simulation Of Internal Arc In T&D Switchgear (co-author) |
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Validation of Simulations In Switchgear (& main parts of a code) -CIGRE Technical Seminar "Modeling and Testing of Transmission and Distribution Switchgear" March 24, 2010 Brisbane – Australia |
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Simulation,
IEC Standards & Testing Laboratories: Joining Pieces for
Higher Quality HV Equipment”.
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Published also in in Energy Pulse weekly, September, 28 , 2010 |
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Simulations & Calculations as Verification Tools for Design & Performance of High-Voltage Equipment” . Co-authors: M. Kriegel, X. Zhu, M. Glinkowski, A. Grund, H.K. Kim, P. Robin-Jouan, L. Van der Sluis, R.P.P. Smeets, T. Uchii, H. Digard, D. Yoshida, S. Feitoza Costa -CIGRE publication A3-210 (2008) - Cigre - Paris 2008 |
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SIGNIFICANT PARAMETERS IN INTERNAL ARC SIMULATION AND TESTING, - CIGRE WG A3.24, CIGRE A3 SESSION, 2009 - Co-authors: M. Kriegel, R. Smeets, N. Uzelac, R. Pater, M. Glinkowski, P. Vinson, S. Feitoza Costa, G. Pietsch, E. Dullni, Th. Reiher, L. van der Sluis, D. Yoshida, H.K. Kim, K. Y. Kweon, E. Fjeld, |
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IEC Standards for developing countries |
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Validation of Test Reports Issued By Recognized Testing Laboratories |
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PANELES
ELÉCTRICOS, CELDAS, DUCTOS Y SUBESTACIONES: |
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APARAMENTAS, CELDAS, CANALIZACIONESy EQUIPOS para SUBESTACIONES y LÍNEAS |
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| Pequeño Laboratorio de Alta Potencia + Simulaciones(una idea para impulsar la industria eléctrica de países en desarrollo) |
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Aceptando Simulaciones Para Reemplazar Pruebas de Alta Potencia (Una Idea Para Países En Desarrollo Sin Laboratorios) |
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| VALIDACIÓN DEL Software SwitchgearDesign para la simulación de pruebas de alta potencia(corrientes soportables de corta duración y cresta - fuerzas electrodinámicas, calentamientoy sobrepresiones del arco interno) | ||
| Conexiones IEC 61439:aumento de temperatura de 10 K por encima del límite IEC = pérdida de vida 66% |
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Tableros,
Celdas y Aparamentas: |
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| Certificación y calificación de productos eléctricos |
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Celdas, Cuadros, Canalizaciones y Otros Equipos de Transmisión y Distribución |
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También publicado en Revista RBE Energía (Madrid / España) - Enero/Febrero 2010 - pag 62 |
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Validación De Los Informes De Ensayo Emitidos Por Laboratorios De Pruebas Reconocidos |
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Nuevas Tecnologías Y Procedimientos En La Industria Eléctrica De Países En Desarrollo |
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Capítulo I – Definições e estudos do sistema elétrico que servem de base para as especificações técnicas dos equipamentos para subestações de transmissão e distribuição |
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Capítulo II – Curtos-circuitos, ampacidades sobrecargas e contatos elétricos. |
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Capítulo III (março): Técnicas de ensaios de alta potência, laboratórios e fundamentos dos ensaios |
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Capítulo IV (abril): Estudos elétricos de sobretensões, coordenação de isolamento e impactos de campos elétricos e magnéticos |
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Capítulo V (maio): Arcos internos em equipamentos de subestações |
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Capítulo VI (junho): Especificações técnicas de disjuntores, secionadores, painéis e para-raios feitas por concessionárias de energia |
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Capítulo VII (Julho) – Distancias de segurança de subestações e sistemas de proteção contra incêndios em subestações |
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Capitulo VIII (Agosto): Novos conceitos utilizados no Relatório Técnico IEC 62271-307 (painéis de media tensão) |
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Capitulo IX (Setembro): Técnicas Para Reformar Eqiuiamentos De Subestações E Adiar Investimentos. |
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Capitulo X: (Outubro): Induzindo novas tecnologias para o setor elétrico (Novas Tecnologias para 145 kV) |
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Capitulo XI (Novembro): Cálculo da elevação de temperatura em invólucros pela IEC 60890 |
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Capitulo XII (Dezembro): Cálculos de Engenharia em Projetos de Equipamentos para Subestações |
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